Some Medications That May Cause Cognitive Impairment


Type of medication and generic name [a]

Antiarrhythmic agents: disopyramide, quinidine, tocainide Antihistamines/decongestants: phenylpropanolamine, diphenhydramine, chlorpheniramine brompheniramine, pseudoephedrine Antibiotics: cephalexin, cephalothin, metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin Cardiotonic agents: digoxin Anticholinergic agents: benztropine, homatropine, scopolamine, trihexyphenidyl

Corticosteroids: hydrocortisone, prednisone

Antidepressants: amitryptyline, imipramine, desipramine, fluoxetine H2 receptor antagonists: cimetidine, ranitidine Anticonvulsants: phenytoin, valproic acid carbamazepine Immunosuppressive agents: cyclosporine, interferon

Antiemetics: promethazine, hydroxyzine, metoclopramide,prochlorperazine Narcotic analgesics: codeine, hydrocodone oxycodone, meperidine, propoxyphene Antihypertensive agents: propranolol, metoprolol, atenolol, verapamil, methyldopa, prazosin, nifedipine Muscle relaxants: baclofen, cyclobenzaprine, methocarbimol Antineoplastic agents: chlorambucil, cytosine arabinoside, interleukin-2 Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents: aspirin, ibuprofen, indomethacin, naproxen, sulindac

Antimanic agents: lithium

Radiocontrast agents: metrizamide,iothalamate, iohexol Anti-Parkinsonian agents: levodopa, pergolide, bromocryptine Sedatives: alprazolam, diazepam, lorazepam, phenobarbital, butabarbital, chloral hydrate

[a] These are examples only; new medications appear regularly. Many compounds contain one or more other active ingredients.

Source: Guideline panel.

(c) copyright 1995



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